Tipos de participación política y bienestar subjetivo: Un estudio mundial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24201/es.2017v35n104.1544Palabras clave:
participación política, bienestar subjetivo, democracia, Encuesta Mundial de ValoresResumen
El bienestar subjetivo ha sido descrito como, tal vez, “la variable dependiente fundamental” de las ciencias sociales, por lo cual no resulta sorpresivo que una buena parte de la literatura empírica sobre el tema se ha enfocado en identificar sus correlatos. En este trabajo evaluamos la relación entre distintos tipos de participación política y bienestar subjetivo utilizando la sexta ola de la Encuesta Mundial de Valores para sesenta países levantada entre 2010 y 2014. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, controlando por el grado de libertad de los diferentes países, existen diferencias sustantivas en la fuerza y dirección de la asociación entre distintos tipos de participación política y el bienestar subjetivo de los ciudadanos. Nuestra investigación confirma parcialmente la hipótesis de que formas convencionales de participación se asocian de manera significativa y positiva con la satisfacción individual con la vida, mientras las formas menos convencionales y más conflictivas, muestran una relación opuesta. Por otra parte, la naturaleza democrática de las instituciones, está universal y consistentemente asociada a mayores niveles de bienestar subjetivo de los individuos.
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